Everything about Carl Neuberg totally explained
Carl Alexander Neuberg (1877-1956) was an early pioneer in
biochemistry, and often referred to as the "Father of Biochemistry".
He was the first editor of the journal
Biochemische Zeitschrift. This journal was founded in 1906 and is now known as the
FEBS Journal. Neuberg was born in Hanover, Germany and studied chemistry at the
University of Berlin. In his early work in Germany, he worked on solubility and transport in cells, the chemistry of
carbohydrates,
photochemistry, as well as investigating and classifying different types of
fermentation. He was also a pioneer in the study of the chemistry of
amino acids and
enzymes.
Neuberg was head of the biochemistry section of one of the first
Kaiser Wilhelm Institutes (that of
August von Wasserman). In the 1910s, after announcing the discovery of an
enzyme he called "carboxylase" (which catalyzed the decarboxylation of
pyruvic acid), he developed a theory of the alcoholic fermentation of
glucose. Support for his theory was bolstered when he helped develop an industrial process that contributed materially to the German war effort in
World War I, manufacturing
glycerol—for the production of
explosives—by the fermentation of sugar.
Neuberg made a particularly important discovery in 1916:
hydrotropy, a solubilization process where the addition of large amounts of a second solute causes an increase in the aqueous solubility of a different solute. Due to his
Jewish faith, Neuberg was forced to end his work at the
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biochemistry in 1936 and leave Germany by the
Nazis in 1937 and moved to the United States, where he continued to work on enzymes and cell transport processes. Succesor for the position at the
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biochemistry became
Adolf Butenandt.
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